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| بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيْمِ ~ QURBANI MASAA’IL لَنْ يَّنَالَ اللهَ لُحُوْمُهَا وَلاَ دِمَآؤُهَا وَلكِنْ يَّنَالُهُ التَّقْوى مِنْكُمْ "It is not their meat, nor their blood that reaches Allah. It is your piety that reaches Him." THE FIRST TEN DAYS OF ZUL-HIJJAH Hazrat ibn ABBAAS (رضي الله عنه) Relates that Rasoolullah () said: “On no other days are good deeds (Aamaal-us-Saalihah) more liked by Allah than on these days – meaning the first ten days of Zil-Hijjah”. The Sahaabah (رضي الله عنهم) asked: “O Rasoolullah, () not even Jihad in the way of Allah?” Rasoolullah () replied: “Not even Jihad in the way of Allah, except for that person who goes out to fight with his life and wealth and does not return with any things.” (Bukhari) Rasoolullah () said: “On no days is the worship of Allah desired more than in the first 10 days of Zil-Hijjah. The fast of each of these days is equal to the fast of a whole year, and the IBAADAT of each of these nights is equal to the IBAADAT of LAILATUL QADR”. (Tirmizi & Ibn Maajah) It is related from Ibn ABBAAS (رضي الله عنه) that Rasoolullah () said: “No days are as weighty with Allah and so liked by Him for good deeds than the first ten days of Zil-Hijjah. So in these days increasingly read: TASBEEH (Subhan-Allah) سُبْحَانَ اللهَ TAHLEEL (Laa-ilaaha illallah) لآ اِلهَ اِلاَّ اللهُ TAHMEED (Alhamdu-lillah) اَلْحَمْدُ للهِ TAKBEER (Allahu-Akbar) اَللهُ اَكْبَرُ THE FAST OF YAUM-UL-ARAFAH Hazrat Abu Qatadah Al-Ansari (رضي الله عنه) relates that Rasoolullah () was asked about the SAUM (fast) on the day of ARAFAH 9th Zil-Hijjah) He said: “It compensates for the minor sins of the year and the coming year”. (Muslim) Rasoolullah () has said: ‘The most acceptable DUA is that which is made on the day of ARAFAH, and the best DUA which the prophets before me, and I, have said is: لآ اِلهَ اِلاَّ اللهُ وَحْدَه لاَ شَرِيْكَ لَه لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ وَهُوَ عَلى كُلِِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيْرٌ Trans: “There is no Deity besides Allah, He is alone. He has no partner. To Him belongs the sovereignty, and unto Him belongs all praise, and He is all-powerful”. (Tirmizi) It is related that Rasoolullah () said: “Whoever stays awake and makes IBAADAT on the nights of Eidul-Fitr and Eidul-Azha, his heart will not die on the day when all hearts will be dead.” (Targheeb) Hazrat MU'AAZ ibn JABAL (رضي الله عنه) relates that Rasoolullah () said: “Jannat is Waajib for those who stay awake with the intention of making IBAADAT on the following nights: 8th, 9th, and 10th of Zil-Hijjah, the night of Eidul-Fitr and the night of the 15th of Sha'baan.” THE IMPORTANCE OF QURBANI 1. It is related from AAISHAH (رضي الله عنها) that Rasoolullah () said: “There is nothing dearer to Allah during the days of Qurbani than the sacrificing of animals. The sacrificed animal shall come on the day of QIYAAMAH with its horns, hair and hooves (to be weighed in THAWAAB). The sacrifice is accepted by Allah before the blood reaches the ground’. Therefore sacrifice with an open and happy heart. 2. Hazrat ZAID ibn ARQAM (رضي الله عنه) relates that the companions of Rasoolullah () asked: “O Rasoolullah what is Qurbani?” He replied. “It is the Sunnah of your father IBRAHEEM”. They asked again: “What benefit do we get from it?” He answered: “A reward for every hair of the sacrificed animal.” And what reward is there for animals with wool? They asked: “A reward” he said: “for every fiber of the wool". 3. Rasoolullah () has said: “The person who makes Qurbani with a willing heart and with the NIYYAH of THAWAAB, then on the day of Judgment that Qurbani will shield him from the fires of hell. Therefore by performing Qurbani every year a Muslim is abundantly rewarded and drawn closer to Allah. Since this sacrificial devotion can be offered on only three days of the year, this opportunity given by Allah must not be missed by any Muslim on whom Qurbani is Waajib. Those more blessed with wealth should make Nafil Qurbani for the sake of THAWAAB for Rasoolullah () his Ummah, the AMBIYAA and for their own living or deceased parents and fore bearers. Permission for the Waajib Qurbani of a living person is necessary. For Nafil Qurbani this consent is not required. WARNING FOR THOSE WHO IGNORE QURBANI There is a Tradition related from Hazrat Abu HURAIRAH (رضي الله عنه) that Rasoolullah () said that the person who has the means of performing Qurbani but does not do so should not even come near our EIDGAH (place of Eid Salaat). ON WHOM IS QURBANI WAAJIB 1. Qurbani is Waajib on all Muslims who are sane, BALIGH (of age), and are the possessors of minimum ZAKATABLE wealth (NISAAB). For Qurbani it is not necessary that the owner-ship of such wealth be for a full year. 2. Qurbani is Waajib on a man for himself only, however it is his duty to see that his wife’s and grow-up (Baaligh) children's Qurbani are made, if they too are possessors of NISAAB. If he makes their Qurbani out of his wealth with their permission, their Qurbani will be valid. 3. Poor persons and travelers (MUSAAFIRS) are not obliged to make Qurbani. 4. A person on whom Qurbani is Waajib purchases an animal which subsequently stray or is lost. It now becomes compulsory for him to buy and sacrifice another similar least. If after purchasing the second animal the first one is found, the sacrificing of only one animal is Waajib upon him. 5. The person on whom Qurbani is Waajib and who has already bought an animal but for some reason does not offer the sacrifice on the fixed days, it becomes compulsory for him to still slaughter that animal and give the meat to the poor. He is not allowed to use this meat himself. 6. For the person on whom Qurbani was Waajib but through negligence did purchased animal, it is obligatory for him to give as charity the value of an animal. 7. Rasoolullah () is reported to have said: "When you see the moon of Zil-Hijjah, those of you intending to make Qurbani should no cut their hair nor their nails." (this is Mustahab that hair and nails should be cut after Qurbani). THE TIME FOR QURBANI 1. The time for Qurbani begins after Eid Salaat on the 10th of Zil-Hijjah and ends at the setting of the sun on the 12th of Zil-Hijjah. 2. It is better to slaughter on the first day, then the second day and lastly the third day. 3. It is also allowed to offer Qurbani during the two intervening nights, however it is preferable that Qurbani takes place during daylight due to the possibility of not slaughtering correctly. 4. People living in remote village areas where Eid Salaat is not performed may slaughter after the Fajr time on the morning of the 10th. CONDITIONS FOR THE QURBANI • Qurbani can be made of goats, sheep and cattle and camels. They may be male or female. No other type of animal is allowed for Qurbani. • Castrated males of the animals mentioned are also allowed for sacrifice. This type of animal is preferable to sacrifice. • Goats have to be at least one year old. Sheep too should be a year old but very healthy sheep that look one year old may also be used. • Cattle MUST be at least two years of age. • Camels must be at least five years old. • For Waajib Qurbani sheep and goats are counted as one share per animal. Cattle and camel are divided into seven parts per animal. In NAFIL Qurbani one may however sacrifice one part or share to offer this Thawaab for several persons. • The animal chosen for Qurbani should be healthy, pleasing to look at and be without blemish. Incomplete, deformed or maimed animals are not permitted for Qurbani. ZABAH (Slaughter) OF THE QURBANI ANIMAL If a Muslim knows how to make Zabah properly it is Mustahab (desirable) that he make it with his own hand. If on is unable to do so, it is better to delegate the Zabah to another Muslim who knows the requirements of proper Islamic Zabah. A Muslim woman, if she is capable, should also make the Zabah herself. In any case it is desirable that the person for whom the Qurbani is being made should be present at the sacrifice. Do not sharpen the knife after the animal has been caught for sacrifice, all preparations should be made before hand. Proper Islamic Zabah requires the throat, the two external jugular veins and the windpipe of the animal to be swiftly and cleanly severed with a very sharp knife, together with the recital of Bismillah Allahu- Akbar: بِسْمِ اللهِ اَللهُ اَكْبَرُ If only TWO of the passages and veins are cut then the ZABAH WILL NOT be correct but if any THREE of the four are parted then the ZABAH will be in ORDER. DUA BEFORE AND AFTER ZABAH At the time of Zabah the animal should be laid with its throat towards the QIBLAH. Before the Zabah read: اِنِّى وَجَّهْتُ وَجْهِيَ لِلَّذِيْ فَطَرَ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ حَنِيْفًا وَّمَا اَنَا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِيْنَ اِنَّ صَلاَتِيْ وَنُسُكِيْ وَمَحْيَايَ وَمَمَاتِيْ للهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِيْنَ لاَ شَرِيْكَ لَه وَبِذَلِكَ اُمِرْتَ وَاَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِيْنَ اَللَّهُمَّ مِنْكَ وَلَكَ Trans: “For me, I have set my face, firmly and truly towards Him Who created the heavens and the earth. And never shall I give partners to Allah. Verily my worship and my sacrifice, my living and my dying are for Allah, Lord of the worlds. O Allah! this sacrifice is from you and is for you”. WHILE SLAUGHTERING THE ANIMAL READ: بِسْمِ اللهِ اَللهُ اَكْبرُ Trans: In the name of Allah. Allah is the greatest”. DUA TO BE RECITED AFTER ZABAH: اَللّهُمَّ تَقَبَّلْهُ مِنِّي كَمَاْ تَقَبَّلْتَ مِنْ حَبِيْبِكَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَّخَلِيْلِكَ اِبْرَاهِيْمَ عَلَيهِمَا الصَّلوةُ وَالسَّلامُ Trans: "O Allah accept from me (this sacrifice) like you have accepted from you beloved Muhammad and you friend IBRAHEEM. Peace be upon them. If a person has not memorised the DUA, it is correct that he slaughter the animal with the NIYYAH of Qurbani and the recital of: بِسْمِ اللهِ اَللهُ اَكْبَرُ THE QURBANI ANIMALS THAT HAVE THE FOLLOWING DEFECTS CANNOT BE SACRIFICED MAS’ALAH-1 An animal that was born without horns or had broken off from the middle, could be used for Qurbani. If the horn has broken off from the root. Such an animal cannot be used for Qurbani. MAS’ALAH-2 Goats that are castrated may be used for Qurbani. This type of animal is preferable. MAS’ALAH-3 Those animals that are blind, squint eyed or limping, cannot be used for Qurbani. Likewise, a sick, weak or thin animal that cannot go to the MAZBAH (place of slaughtering) on its own legs cannot be used for Qurbani. MAS’ALAH-4 If more than a third of the ear or tail of an animal is cut off, such an animal is not suitable for Qurbani. In the same manner, an animal that was born without ears cannot be used for Qurbani. MAS’ALAH-5 An animal was purchased in a healthy and perfect state, thereafter an accident occurred which made the animal unfit for Qurbani. If the buyer is not wealthy (SAAHIB-UN-NISAAB) it will be permissible to offer this animal for Qurbani. If the owner is a SAAHIB-UN-NISAAB, then it is compulsory to obtain another animal in place of the injured and deformed animal. MAS’ALAH-6 If an animal that has been selected for Qurbani gives birth before its slaughter, or while slaughtering it, a live lamb or calf if born, then this newly born animal should also be slaughtered. MAS’ALAH-7 A person on whom Qurbani was Waajib, purchased an animal for sacrifice. Thereafter this animal got lost, stolen or died. In such a case it will be Waajib to sacrifice another animal in its place. If after sacrificing the second animal, the first one is found, then it is better that this animal be sacrificed too. MAS’ALAH-8 In the case where a person was poor and it was not Waajib for him to perform a Qurbani, if an animal was purchased to perform a Nafil Qurbani, it becomes Waajib to sacrifice this animal as a Qurbani, but if this animal dies or gets lost, then the WUJOOB falls away. It will not be Waajib to perform another Qurbani. If after losing the first animal another is purchased, thereafter the first one is found, it becomes Waajib to sacrifice both animals. The reason being that when a poor person buys an animal with the intention of Qurbani, if falls into the category of NAZAR, which is Waajib to fulfill. SKIN OF THE QURBANI ANIMAL MAS’ALAH-9 The slaughterer, (skinner etc.) cannot be given the skin or meat in payment. A separate remuneration must be given. MAS’ALAH-10 The skin of the Qurbani animal could be kept for personal use, such as tanning the skin and using it as a MUSALLAH (prayer mat) a water bag, or something else. If it is sold, that amount cannot be used and it is Waajib to given away in SADQAH. A skin of the Qurbani animal cannot be sold without the NIYYAH of SADQAH. MAS’ALAH-11 The Qurbani skin cannot be given in lieu of any services. An Imaam, MU'AZZIN etc. cannot be given this in lieu of their services. MAS’ALAH-12 It is Mustahab to razor sharpen the knife before slaughtering, so that the animal will not suffer. After slaughtering, the animal should not be skinned or cut up into pieces until it becomes completely cold. One animal should not be slaughtered in the presence of another animal. MAS’ALAH-13 It is Mustahab for the person slaughtering the Qurbani to face the QIBLAH. THE QURBANI MEAT MAS’ALAH-14 It is allowed for a person who performs Qurbani to either eat the flesh or to give it to whomever he please rich or poor. Muslim or non-Muslim. It is however desirable that one third of the meat be given to the poor, a third be kept for the Home and the remaining third be given to friends and relatives. MAS’ALAH-15 The meat or skin cannot be given to an employee or to a butcher in payment for his labour, however, it may be given to him as a gift. If Qurbani is made on the WASIYYAT (will) of a deceased person, it is Waajib that all the meat be given away to the poor. MAS’ALAH-16 If more than one person participates in the Qurbani of an animal that has seven shares, and they want the meat for themselves, then it is necessary that the distribution of the meat be made equally by weight. MAS’ALAH-17 A person may eat the meat of every Qurbani slaughtered, be it a Waajib. Or Nafil, It is not permissible for one to eat from a Qurbani that is slaughtered as a KAFFAARAH for a JINAAYAT (error-mistake) committed during Hajj, nor is one’s family allowed to partake of it. Only the FUQARAA are rightful of it. MAS’ALAH-18 The meat of the animal to be shared by partners should be distributed by weight and not be estimation. MAS’ALAH-19 It is Preferable that the Qurbani meat be divided into three parts: • One part should be kept for the family, • One for relatives and friends, • And one for the poor and needy. One that has a large family could keep all the meat. MAS’ALAH-20 It is HARAAM to sell the Qurbani meat. THE TAKBEERAAT OF TASHREEQ These days begin FAJR on the 9th , Zil-Hijjah and end after ASR on the 13th. Zil-Hijjah. It is Waajib for every adult Muslim to recite the TAKBEERAAT of TASHREEQ audibly after every FARZ Salaat which is performed with JAMAA'AT during this period (23 Salaats). THESE ARE THE TAKBEERAAT TO BE RECITED: اَللهُ اَكْبَرُ ط اَللهُ اَكْبَرُ ط لآ اِلهَ اِلاَّ اللهُ ط وَاللهُ اَكْبَرُ ط اَللهُ اَكْبَرُ ط و للهِ الْحَمْدُ ط Trans: “Allah is Great. Allah is Great. There is no Deity besides Allah and Allah is Great and All praise belongs to him alone”. It is Mustahab (desirable) for those who say their prayers singly (men or women) and Mustafirs (traveler's) to recite these Takbiraat softly. SUNNATS OF EIDUL AZHA It is SUNNAH On the day of Eidul-Azha to: • Awaken earlier than usual. • Brush the teeth (Miswaak) • Have a bath (Ghusl) • Be well dressed in an Islamic manner. • Dress in your best clothes. (not necessarily new). • Use ITR. • Perform Eid Salaat at the EIDGAH (permanently fixed place for Eid Salaat) • Avoid eating before Eid Salaat. • Go to the place of Salaat early. • Walk to the place of the Eid Salaat. (if it is within walking distance.) • Read aloud the TAKBEERAAT on the way to the place of prayer. اَللهُ اَكْبَرُ ط اَللهُ اَكْبَرُ ط لآ اِلهَ اِلاَّ اللهُ ط وَاللهُ اَكْبَرُ ط اَللهُ اَكْبَرُ ط و للهِ الْحَمْدُ ط • Use different routes to and from the place of Eid Salaat. AQEEQAH (Sacrifice of an animal for a newly born child and the removal of the baby’s hair) MAS’ALAH-1 When a baby’s born, male or female, he or she should be given a name on the seventh day of birth. When the hair of the head of the baby are shaved a sacrifice is also offered, it is called AQEEQAH. By AQEEQAH all impurities of the child are removed and the child is saved from all calamities by Allah. MAS’ALAH-2 The method of performing AQEEQAH is that for a boy two goats or two sheep and for a girl one goat or sheep is sacrificed or in cattle of Qurbani Sacrifice, two shares for the boy and one share for a girl is taken and hair of the head of the child are shaved. Silver equal to the weight of shaved hair is also given in charity (this is not compulsory). MAS’ALAH-3 AQEEQAH is performed on the seventh day of the birth of a child and if not done on the seventh day, then whenever it is done, it should be the seventh day i.e. if the child was born on Friday, then AQEEQAH should be done on Thursday and so on. In short whenever AQEEQAH is done, it should be the day on which the child had become seven days old. MAS’ALAH-4 The animal whose sacrifice is not permissible for Qurbani is also not fit for AQEEQAH. Only those animals who are fit and permissible for Qurbani should be sacrificed in AQEEQAH. MAS’ALAH-5 It is permissible to distribute the meat of such animal either raw or cooked and serve to the guests. MAS’ALAH-6 If one does not possess sufficient money, then for such a person it is permissible to sacrifice only one goat for a male child. There is no harm if AQEEQAH is not performed provided that one does not have means for AQEEQAH. MAS’ALAH-7 Before sacrificing the animal in AQEEQAH the following may be recited: اَللَّهُمَّ هذِه عَقِيْقَةُ ابْنِيْ فُلاَنٍ دَمُهَا بِدَمِه وَلَحْمُهَا بِلَحْمِه وَعَظْمُهَا بِعَظْمِه وَجِلْدُهَا بِجِلْدِه وَشَعْرُهَا بِشَعْرِه وَجُزْئُهَا بِجُزئِه وَكُلُّهَا بِكُلِّه اَللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْهَا فِداءً لإِبْنِيْ مِنَ النَّارِ. Trans: “O’ Allah I sacrifice this animal in Thy name as a SADQAH for my child in substitution, blood for blood, flesh for flesh, bones for bones, skin for skin and hair for hair. O’ Allah accept this sacrifice for the protection of my CHILD from HELL. If the AQEEQAH is for a Girl then in place of اِبْنَتِيْ say بِنْتِيْ and mention the name of the child, Boy or Girl, at فُلاَنٍ. For slaughtering, lay the throat of the animal towards the QIBLAH and recite: اِنِّى وَجَّهْتُ وَجْهِيَ لِلَّذِيْ فَطَرَ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ حَنِيْفًا وَّمَا اَنَا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِيْنَ اِنَّ صَلاَتِيْ وَنُسُكِيْ وَمَحْيَايَ وَمَمَاتِيْ للهِ رَبِّ الْعالَمِيْنَ لاَ شَرِيْكَ لَه وَبِذَلِكَ اُمِرْتَ وَاَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِيْنَ اَللَّهُمَّ مِنْكَ وَلَكَ Trans: “For me, I have set my face, firmly and truly towards Him Who created the heavens and the earth. And never shall I give partners to Allah. Verily my worship and my sacrifice, my living and my dying are for Allah, Lord of the worlds. O Allah! this sacrifice is from you and is for you”. |
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